The History of Medical Racism
The history of medical racism in the United States is extensive and has caused persistent, intergenerational harm to people of color, particularly Black and Indigenous communities. Built on false theories of biological racial difference, this history includes unethical experimentation, forced medical procedures, and systemic inequities in access to and quality of care. These injustices have contributed to lasting medical mistrust among marginalized groups and continue to drive health disparities today. 18th and 19th centuries: "Racial science" and slavery Medical exploitation of enslaved people: During the period of slavery, physicians used enslaved Black people for medical experimentation and training. For instance, the "father of modern gynecology," Dr. J. Marion Sims, performed crude, non-consensual surgeries on enslaved women without anesthesia, believing Black people had a higher pain tolerance. Grave robbing: To acquire cadavers for dissection and s...